Our department is combination (17 career / 30 volunteer) in a 6 square mile community of 33,000 people. All firefighters (career or volunteer) must live in town. We have several levels of response, the most common being a "still" alarm, which is responded to by the on-duty career, and authorizes volunteers to respond if they wish. Stills accounted for about 1580 calls in 2001. The response levels above the "still" authorize the off-duty career to respond as well as the volunteers. These calls accouted for about 250 calls in 2001. The residency requirement does make some sense, as off-duty recalls are frequent, and our department relies heavily on the off-duty career firefighters for Monday-Friday daylight working incidents.
Our community is predominently residential, and very few volunteers are available during the work week. Almost all work outside the community, and very few can leave work for calls. We don't currently have the room for volunteers to "bunk-in" or even "hang out" comfortably in our present station (built in 1929), but we're building a new public safety building set to be completed in 2003 which will change that. As such, we are exploring "opening the boundaries" for the volunteer department. Most of our neighboring departments, which are almost all volunteer, allow members to live anywhere, as they are usually just as short handed weekday daylight as we are. But due to the severe lack of volunteers during the week, and the reliance on off-duty career response during these times, we will likely retain the residency requirement for career personnel. When the new building is complete, we may have some form of "shift" available for volunteer staff in lieu of responding from home when called.
As far as taking a position in regards to our department, due to our frequent recall of career FF's, I would side with retaining residency requirements for career, but allow volunteers to live anywhere, with restrictions on how far out of town they can live and be authorized to respond directly to a scene.
Just a note on the career residency requirement in regards to hiring - we will accept applications from anywhere. Successful candidates brought onto probation have up to 2 years to move into town. But the incentive is there in the form of overtime to move in ASAP.
Some career departments (such as Pittsburgh, which borders our community) require residency even to apply. I strongly believe that they are missing the boat on a lot of excellent firefighters out there who would move just about anywhere to get a career FF job. And if you don't recall those FF's, what difference should it make where they live? As long as they show up for work and do a good job, where they sleep off-duty shouldn't be a concern. You don't see big businesses limiting where their best and brightest employees happen to live when they apply for a job; why should the fire service?
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R.A. Ricciuti
Mt. Lebanon Fire Department
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