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Emergency Vehicle Ops: Pump Operations and Hydraulic Calculations

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CLARENCE "SMILEY" WHITE
MFRI Field Instructor
Fredrick County Volunteer Fire and Rescue Association, Training Committee

Instructor Guide

Session Reference: 2

Topic: Pump Operations Practical

Level of Instruction:

Time Required: 3 hours

Materials:

Chalkboard

References:

Pump Operator Student Manual, Maryland Fire and Rescue Institute

Preparation

Motivation:

Objective (SPO) 2-1:

The student will demonstrate a basic understanding of the operation of a centrifugal fire pump to supply water from various sources and involving various operations through class discussion and participation and completion of hydraulic problems to the satisfaction of the instructor.

Overview:

Pump Operations and Hydraulic Calculations

Pumping Operations
Hydraulic Problems

Session 2
Pump Operations and Hydraulic Calculations

SPO 2-1 The student will demonstrate a basic understanding of the operation of a centrifugal fire pump to supply water from various sources and involving various operations through class discussion and participation and completion of hydraulic problems to the satisfaction of the instructor.

2-1 Demonstrate an understanding of pump operations supplying water from various sources, in various capacities, and in various types of operations.

2-2 Demonstrate an understanding of hydraulics through the successful calculation of various hydraulic problems, within an acceptable engine pressure range.

Instructional Guide

The Pumps Refresher course is designed for individuals who are currently or have been pump operators and who have successfully completed a pumps course. There should be a lot of interaction rather than lecture.

Pumping Operations (2-1)
1. Water Sources
  1. Apparatus tank
    1. Tank capacities
    2. Portable tank operations
    3. Tanker shuttle
      1. Fill station operations
        
        Portable pumps
        
        Volume pumpers
        
        Direct vs. through-the pump filling
        
        Appliances
      2. Dump station operations
        
        Multiple tanks
        
        Portable tank shuttling
        
        Side vs. rear dumps
        
        Appliances
  2. Pressurized system
    1. Capacities - volume and pressure
      1. Color coding
        
        Light blue - 1500 gpm or greater
        
        Green - 1000 to 1499 gpm
        
        Orange - 500 to 999 gpm
        
        Red - less than 500 gpm
      2. Measuring flow
        
        gpm = 27 times d2 times the square root of p
        
        27 - constant
        
        d - diameter of the opening
        
        p - pressure of the opening
    2. Connections
      1. Size
      2. Number
    3. Appliances
      1. Humat
      2. Hydrant gate or ball valve
      3. Siamese
      4. Suction hose
    4. Operations
      1. Hydrant pressure vs. volume
      2. Estimating hydrant capacity
        
        10% change indicates that one-third of available water is being used
        
        25% change indicates that one-half of available water is being used
      3. Single pumper
      4. Multiple pumpers
      5. Multiple lines
  3. Static source
    1. Components required
      1. Strainer - barrel or floating
      2. Hard suction(s)
      3. Rubber mallet
      4. Ladder, shovel, or bucket
    2. Lift impact - lifts exceeding 10 feet will affect pump capacity
    3. Access
    4. Single vs. multiple supply pumpers
2. Utilization of apparatus
  1. Attack pumper
    1. Flow requirements
    2. Number and size of attack lines
    3. Master streams
  2. Supply pumper
    1. Flow requirements
    2. Number and size of supply lines
    3. Distance between source and scene
    4. Pumper capacities
    5. Water sources
      1. Tanks
      2. Pressurized sources
      3. Static sources
3. Type of operation
  1. Handlines
    1. Single lines
    2. Multiple lines of same size
    3. Multiple lines of different sizes
  2. Master streams
    1. Ground
      1. number of lines
      2. flow requirements
    2. Elevated
      1. number of lines
      2. flow requirements
      3. proximity of pumper to aerial device
  3. Built-in fire protection systems - 150 PSI to connection
Hydraulic Problems (I have diagrams of each problem)

Problem #1
700' of 5" hose from supply pumper to attack pumper; 150' of dual 3" lines from attack pumper to siamese; 100' of 3" hose from siamese to ladder pipe assembly; aerial ladder 48' up with 1-3/8" tip
NEEDED: EP for supply pumper and attack pumper
Problem #2
1200' of dual 3" lines from supply pumper to relay pumper which is 36' above supply pumper; 800' of 4" hose from relay pumper to attack pumper which is 24' below relay pumper; 100' of 3" hose from attack pumper to thief; two 100' 1-1/2" lines with fog nozzles flowing 100 GPM each off thief; one 300' 2-1/2" line with fog nozzle flowing 200 GPM off thief
NEEDED: EP for supply pumper, relay pumper, and attack pumper
Problem #3
700' of 4" hose from supply pumper to attack pumper; two 150' 1-3/4" lines with fog nozzles flowing 100 GPM each
NEEDED: EP for supply pumper and attack pumper
Problem #4
800' of dual 3" lines from supply pumper to attack pumper; 250' dual 3" lines from attack pumper to deck gun with 1-3/8" tip
NEEDED: EP for supply pumper and attack pumper

SUMMARY

Review:

Pump Operations and Hydraulic Calculations

Pumping Operations
Hydraulic Problems

Remotivation:

Assignment:

Evaluation:

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