I’m sure every firehouse and fire station has some type of hazard that could result in an injury to a firefighter. A loose step on the stairway, a door that slams shut or a continuously wet floor in the bathroom. Those are not what I’m talking about here. Actually, I’m talking about a single hazardous situation that causes several issues that can kill you. I’m talking about diesel fumes.
If you look on the wall at any FDNY firehouse, you will see a plaque that reads “These quarters protected by the Dan DeFranco clean air system.” Dan DeFranco was a tireless champion of his fellow FDNY firefighters and he almost singlehandedly saw to it that diesel fume-removal systems were installed in every FDNY firehouse. This is no small issue and the solution comes with no small price tag.
What you really need to do is look at the conditions that are created by fire apparatus with diesel engines that are not equipped with diesel fume-removal equipment and are started and backed into firehouses where firefighters and officers “live.” There was no diesel fume-removal equipment in firehouses during my first years on the job and, frankly, it was hardly noticeable. We did see a large, black soot circle on the ceiling above the engine and another over the truck, but it didn’t seem dangerous to us.
What we didn’t see was the soot and other deadly contaminants on our dishes in the kitchen or the diesel residue on the bedsheets and furniture throughout the firehouse. I do remember a firefighter bringing one of the old tube TVs from the firehouse kitchen to a TV repair shop around the corner from the firehouse. When the firefighter went back to the shop to pick up the TV, the repairman told him, “Don’t bring a TV in here that you pulled out of a fire!” The firefighter told him the TV was not from a burned-out building, but from the firehouse kitchen. The man opened the back of the TV and showed the firefighter a heavy layer of black soot over every component. It did look like it was from a burned-out building. That soot was from the diesel fumes coming from our apparatus.
This issue was raised and the department, the union and many others became involved to find a solution. I do remember one solution. THE DEPARTMENT PAINTED APPARATUS FLOOR CEILINGS BLACK! After some yelling and screaming, the department had a diesel fume-removal system installed in every firehouse. The systems were modern, efficient and easy to use. Like anything else in the fire service, there was a little gnashing of teeth and bellyaching, but rather quickly the systems were installed and working.
An “elephant trunk” hangs down from above each apparatus and glides along with the rig as it drives out of quarters. It automatically disconnects and has no impact on response times or unit response. When the company returns, the firefighter who opens the apparatus door grabs the trunk and attaches it to the apparatus exhaust pipe as it backs into the bay. No diesel fumes are exhausted into the firehouse. No diesel residue is layering our furniture, kitchen cabinets, countertops and work surfaces. There is no black soot on the firehouse windows and the TVs seem to last a lot longer too.
The real reason I wrote this column is that the FDNY is only one of more than 30,000 fire departments in the U.S.I visit and talk with lots of firefighters from across the country and I have discovered that LOTS of fire departments have no diesel fume-removal systems. NONE! These are not departments that have no funds and 30-year-old apparatus. Some of them are quite modern and progressive and have lots of new equipment and technology in their fire stations and on their apparatus.
If your fire apparatus are powered by diesel motors and are stored inside the firehouse, and you have no diesel soot-removal equipment, you and your brother and sister firefighters and officers may be exposed to dangerous or even deadly levels of diesel exhaust. Some new stations are constructed with the living quarters on the opposite side of the building from the apparatus floor and are equipped with specialized ventilation systems. But many older firehouses are not protected and the dangerous condition persists.
Next time you walk into your firehouse, take a look at the ceilings and other surfaces. Talk with your fellow firefighters and ask about diesel fume exposure. The work we do as firefighters is already too hazardous. Let’s make sure we last longer than the firehouse TV!
See Salka Live at Firehouse Expo 2016—John Salka will present the "First In, Last Out Leadership for Fire Officers" preconference session and "Fireground Survival Is No Accident" classroom session at Firehouse Expo, Oct. 18–22, in Nashville.
JOHN J. SALKA Jr., a Firehouse® contributing editor, recently retired as a battalion chief with FDNY, serving as commander of the 18th battalion in the Bronx. Salka has instructed at several FDNY training programs, including the department’s Probationary Firefighters School, Captains Management Program and Battalion Chiefs Command Course. He conducts training programs at national and local conferences and has been recognized for his firefighter survival course “Get Out Alive.” Salka co-authored the FDNY Engine Company Operations manual and wrote the book First In, Last Out – Leadership Lessons From the New York Fire Department. He also operates Fire Command Training (www.firecommandtraining.com), a New York-based fire service training and consulting firm.
John J. Salka Jr. | Battalion Chief
JOHN J. SALKA JR., who is a Firehouse contributing editor, retired as a battalion chief with FDNY, serving as commander of the 18th battalion in the Bronx. Salka has instructed at several FDNY training programs, including the department’s Probationary Firefighters School, Captains Management Program and Battalion Chiefs Command Course. He conducts training programs at national and local conferences and has been recognized for his firefighter survival course, “Get Out Alive.” Salka co-authored the FDNY Engine Company Operations manual and wrote the book "First In, Last Out–Leadership Lessons From the New York Fire Department." He also operates Fire Command Training, which is a New York-based fire service training and consulting firm.